Laravel is a popular PHP framework that allows developers to quickly and easily build web applications. One important aspect of building any application is handling errors and displaying error messages to users. In this article, we will discuss how to display error messages in Laravel 10.
Step 1: Configure Error Reporting
Before you can start displaying error messages, you need to configure error reporting in Laravel. Laravel comes with a default error reporting setting that displays errors on the screen. However, in production mode, you will want to turn off error reporting to prevent sensitive information from being displayed to users. To turn off error reporting, go to your .env file and set the APP_DEBUG value to false:
APP_DEBUG=false
Step 2: Create Error Views
In Laravel, error views are used to display error messages to users. These views are located in the resources/views/errors directory. By default, Laravel comes with error views for 404 (page not found) and 500 (server error) errors. To create a custom error view, simply create a new file in the errors directory with the appropriate error code:
resources/views/errors/404.blade.php resources/views/errors/500.blade.php
In the error view file, you can use Laravel’s blade syntax to display error messages:
@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
<div class="row justify-content-center">
<div class="col-md-8">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header">{{ $exception->getMessage() }}</div>
<div class="card-body">
{{ __('Sorry, the page you are looking for could not be found.') }}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@endsection
The provided code is a Laravel view file that is used to display an error message when a page is not found (i.e., a 404 error). This view file is typically used as the default error view in Laravel, and is displayed when an exception is thrown that cannot be handled by the application.
The view file extends the layouts.app view, which is a common layout file used in Laravel applications. This layout file typically contains the basic structure of an HTML page, including a header, footer, and other common elements that are shared across multiple pages in the application.
Inside the @section('content') directive, the code defines the layout of the error message. The div.container and div.row elements create a container and row to hold the error message. The div.col-md-8 element creates a column with a width of 8, which is used to hold the error message card.
The div.card element creates a bootstrap card that contains the error message header and body. The header of the card is defined using the $exception->getMessage() method, which retrieves the error message associated with the thrown exception. The body of the card displays a default error message using the __('Sorry, the page you are looking for could not be found.') method, which retrieves the translation string for the specified message.
Overall, this view file provides a simple and clean layout for displaying error messages to users in a Laravel application, and can be customized as needed to display specific error messages for different types of exceptions.
In this example, we are using the $exception->getMessage() method to display the error message.
Step 3: Throw an Exception
To display an error message to the user, you need to throw an exception. In Laravel, you can throw an exception by using the throw keyword. Here’s an example:
throw new Exception('Sorry, the page you are looking for could not be found.');
When this code is executed, Laravel will catch the exception and display the error view that corresponds to the exception code.
Step 4: Handle Exceptions
Laravel comes with an ExceptionHandler class that handles exceptions and displays error views. You can customize this class to handle exceptions in your own way. To do this, create a new Handler class in the app/Exceptions directory:
php artisan make:exception Handler
In the Handler class, you can define how you want to handle exceptions. For example, you can override the render method to display a custom error view:
public function render($request, Throwable $exception)
{
if ($exception instanceof CustomException) {
return response()->view('errors.custom', [], 500);
}
return parent::render($request, $exception);
}
The render method in Laravel’s Handler class is responsible for handling exceptions and displaying error views. When an exception is thrown in the application, Laravel catches the exception and passes it to the render method to determine how to display the error message to the user.
In the provided code, the render method checks if the thrown exception is an instance of CustomException. If it is, then it returns a response that displays a custom error view (errors.custom) with an HTTP status code of 500. If the exception is not a CustomException, then the method calls the render method of the parent class to display the default error view with the appropriate HTTP status code.
The response()->view() method creates a new HTTP response with the specified view and data. In this case, the errors.custom view is returned with an empty data array and an HTTP status code of 500, indicating a server error.
By customizing the render method in this way, developers can create custom error views for specific exceptions, providing a better user experience and making it easier for users to understand the nature of the error.
In this example, we are checking if the exception is of type CustomException and if so, we are returning a custom error view. Otherwise, we are calling the parent render method to display the default error view.
Step 5: Display Error Messages
To display an error message to the user, simply throw an exception with the desired message. For example:
throw new CustomException('Sorry, something went wrong.');
When this code is executed, Laravel will catch the CustomException and display the custom error view that we defined in the Handler class.
Conclusion
In conclusion, displaying error messages in Laravel is an important aspect of building web applications. By following the steps outlined in this article, you can configure error reporting, create error views, throw exceptions, handle exceptions, and display error messages to users in a customized way. Laravel makes it easy to handle errors and display error messages, allowing you to provide a better user experience for your web application. With these techniques, you can ensure that your application is robust and reliable, and that your users are informed and satisfied with the service you provide.
This Article Ideas has been taken from the following websites; which are following:
https://laravel.com/docs/10.x/validation
How to Display Error Message in Laravel 10
https://tallpad.com/series/tiny-tips/lessons/customizing-validation-error-messages-in-laravel
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